Page 77 - TLÜ aastaaruanne 2014

projects, mainly due to research cooperation support projects under Norwegian and EEA financial mechanisms. Also, the baseline fund- ing of research continuous to show a growth trend, which shows sta- bility and development of the university research activity.
In comparison to 2012, funding from different EU programmes, including projects funded from the 7th Framework programme, has somewhat increased. The decrease in comparison to 2013 is mainly due to the cyclic nature of project funding, but as a whole the long- term trend has been towards growth. The same can be said about other RD projects - in the wider perspective, the funding of these projects has steadily grown. The year 2013 was exceptional in this respect due to income of funding of a few large projects from struc- tural funds, primarily projects funded within the framework of the competence centre measure and sub-measure of Teacher Education Study Laboratories of the measure Modernisation of Professional Higher Education and Teacher Education Study Infrastructure.
At the same time, the funding of all central national financing instruments, including institutional research funding (IRF) - which replaced target-financed research topics (TF), and personal research funding (PRF) - which replaced ESF grants, has continued to decrease. Income from the programmes for modernising research devices and participation in the development of the Estonian Research Infrastruc- ture Roadmap objects has decreased, because the programmes are at their final stage and most of the funding through these programmes has already been allocated in the previous years.
The following sub-divisions present income from research and development projects considering actual accrual.
Baseline funding
In 2014, the total volume of TU baseline funding for research and de- velopment institutions from the Ministry of Education and Research was €657,060, including €80,370 in additional support for research of national importance (in 2013: €547,400, including €69,830 for na- tional sciences). An amount of 3.5% was re-allocated from the total amount of baseline funding to the operating expenses of the TU Aca- demic Library (€22,997). A total of €38,779 from the amount allocat- ed to the national sciences was re-allocated to support research in the Institute of History. The rest of the amount was divided between the TU research fund (€317,031) and the academic units (€278,253). An amount of 18.2% of the baseline funding allocation was for research projects financed by the institution, 17% was used for co-financing RD projects and agreements, 11.8% was used for modernisation of infrastructure, and 53% was used for other activities supporting re- search.
Target financing and institutional research funding
A total of six target-financed research topics finished at the end of 2013. In 2014, target-financing of four research topics continued, of which three topics finished by the end of 2014: “Adapting to mo- dernity: the Estonian society’s response to political, social, econom- ic and cultural challenges in times of transformation (16th–20th centuries)”, TU Institute of History, principal investigator Karsten Brüggemann; “Stochastic processes in nano- and meso-systems: theory and applications in material sciences and bio-chemistry”, TU Institute of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, principal investigator Romi Mankin; and “The learner in the education system and labour market: inequality as shaping and being shaped by the external and internal boundaries”, TU Institute of International and Social Studies, principal investigator Rein Vöörmann.
From the institutional research funding that replaced target financing, two research topics that had been started earlier were financed in 2014 for the duration of 2013-2018: “Academic and personal development of an individual in the system of formal ed- ucation”, TU Institute of Psychology, principal investigator Aaro Toomela; “Culturescapes in transformation: towards an integrated theory of meaning making”, TU Estonian Institute of Humanities, principal investigator Hannes Palang.
Four new research topics for the duration of 2014-2019 were financed: “Estonia between east and west: the paradigm of the im- ages of Own, Other, Strange, Enemy in Estonian cultures at the end of the 19th and in the 20th Century”, TU Institute of Slavonic Languages and Cultures, principal investigator Irina Belobrovtseva;
“Environmental changes and their effects on the coastal landscape of Estonia: past, present and future - ENCHANTED”, TU Institute of Ecology, principal investigator Shinya Sugita; “The making of Livo- nia: actors, institutions and networks in the medieval and early mod- ern Baltic Sea region”, TU Institute of History, principal investigator Anu Mänd; and “Teachers’ professionality and professionalism in changing context”, TU Institute of Educational Sciences, principal investigator Ivor Goodson.
In 2014, the total volume of target-financed research topics and institutional research funding was €958,730 (in 2013: €1,013,690). The projects in humanities were allocated €433,220, topics of natural sciences €186,310, topics of social sciences €256,200 and topics in educational sciences €83,000. The total volume of target-financed topics and projects that received institutional research funding rep- resents 10.2% of the total volume of all RD projects.
In 2014, an amount of €256,979 was allocated for the research in- frastructure (in 2013: €236,895). Thus, the TU allocation for research infrastructure increased by €20,084, which is related to new institu- tional research funding topics in 2014. In 2014, additional funds were
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