Intellectual capital measurement and reporting models
There are a plethora of intellectual capital measurement and reporting models that have been developed by academics, consultants and practitioners. Popular models used to construct reports on intellectual capital include:
- Kaplan and Norton’s Balanced Scorecard (Kaplan and Norton, 1992),
- Karl-Erik Sveiby’s Intangible Assets Monitor (Sveiby, 1997) and
- Skandia’s Value Scheme (Edvinsson and Malone, 1997).
There is a lack of consistency between reporting models. Various models for managing intellectual capital exist. Some of the most well-known models are:
- Sullivan’s Model (Van den Berg 2002);
- The Skandia Intellectual Capital Value Scheme (Roos, Roos, Dragonetti and Edvinsson 1997);
- The Brooking’s Model (Brooking 1996);
- Roos and Roos’s Categorisation (Roos and Roos 1997);
- St Onge’s Model (Westberg and Sullivan 1998:71);
- Sveiby’s Model (Sveiby 1997); and
- Wiig’s Model (Wiig 1997).
Although people do not hold the same opinion on the concept of intellectual capital, they agree that intellectual capital concept is an effective expansion of traditional capital concept. intellectual capital concept develops the concepts of material capital and non-material concept, integrating the physical capital and the virtual capital organically together.
The concept of intellectual capital is a new meaningful development on the theory of general capital, based on its revolutionary development of human capital theory.
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